Discussion Forum : Heat Transfer
Question -


A spherical ball A of surface area 20 cm2 is kept at the centre of a hollow spherical shell B of area 80 cm2. The surface of A and the inner surface of B emit as blackbodies. Assume that the thermal conductivity of the material of B is extremely poor and that of A is very high and that the air between A and B has been pumped out. The heat capacities of A and B are 42 J/C and 82 J/ C respectively. Initially the temperature of A is 100 C and that of B is 20 C.Find the rate of change of temperature of A and that of B at this instant.

Options:
A .   0.005c/s and 0.0001c/s
B .   0.05c/s and 0.01c/s
C .   0.025c/s and 0.0050c/s
D .   0.03c/s and 0.01c/s
Answer: Option D
:
D

The inner surface of B radiates at a rate of ΔQΔt=σABT4A,


where                  σ stefan's constant


AB Area


TB Temperature


Similarly, A radiates ΔQ2Δt=σABT4A


Now, all the radiation from inner surface of B goes inside the hollow of the shell, as B is a very poor conductor. So, this radiation falls on A, and A being a blackbody absorbs all the radiation falling on it! And it being a good conductor the heat travels to the centre almost instantly, thus making the temperature uniform throughout the ball. Similarly, all the heat radiated by A is completely absorbed by inner surface of B, and none of it is lost to the surrounding as B is a very poor conductor.


∴ Net heat lost by B = Net heat gained by A =σ(ABT4BAAT4A)


                                                                 = 5.67×108×(80×293.1s420×373.1s4)×104


                                                                 = 1.15 w


Now this is equal to specific heat ×dtemperaturedTime of both A and B


dTAdt=1.1542c/s=0.03c/s


dTBdt=1.1582c/s=0.01c/s



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