Atmosphere & Climatology(Indian Geography ) Questions and answers for exam Preparation

Question 1. Which of the following continents has all types of climatic zones?

North America
South America
Asia
Australia

Explanation:-

Answer: Option C. -> Asia
Answer: (c)

Question 2. The forests which act as barriers against cyclones are :

Mangrove forests
Alpine forests
Monsoon forests
Evergreen forests

Explanation:-

Answer: Option A. -> Mangrove forests
Answer: (a)
Mangrove Forest acts as barriers against cyclones and other natural disasters like tidal waves and tropical storms. They act as live sea walls against disasters and help minimise the damage done to property and life.
They also slow soil erosion and stabilize tidal banks against rising sea level, another climate change hazard.

Question 3. The planetary winds that blow from the sub-tropical high pressure belts to the equator are known as

doldrums
westerlies
trade winds
polar winds

Explanation:-

Answer: Option C. -> trade winds
Answer: (c)Trade winds blow from the subtropical highs or horse latitudes toward the low pressure of the ITCZ(Intertropical Convergence Zone).

Question 4. Troposphere is the hottest part of the atmosphere because

there are charged particles in it
it is closest to the Sun
heat is generated in it
it is heated by the Earth’s surface

Explanation:-

Answer: Option D. -> it is heated by the Earth’s surface
Answer: (d)The lowest part of the troposphere is the warmest because it is closest to the ground, where the heat is coming from.

Question 5. The earth’s reflectivity of solar radiation, termed albedo, is highest in which one of the following?

Forest area
Cropland
Snow area
Sand desert

Explanation:-

Answer: Option C. -> Snow area
Answer: (c) The percentage of radiant energy reflected back by a surface is called the albedo. The total amount of energy lost by scattering and reflection of various kinds and returned to space is called earth’s albedo.

Question 6. Analyse the following statistical data of temperature and rainfall.
Month
Temperature (0º C)
Rainfall (cm)
January
6.7
14.0
February
6.7
13.2
March
7.2
11.4
April
8.9
11.4
May
11.1
8.1
June
13.9
8.1
July
15.0
9.6
August
15.0
12.2
September
13.9
10.4
October
11.1
14.4
November
8.9
14.0
December
7.8
16.8
The climate, to which this data is related to,

China Type
St. Lawrence Type
Mediterranean Type
Western European Type

Explanation:-

Answer: Option D. -> Western European Type
Answer: (d)

Question 7. The seasonal reversal of winds is the typical characteristic of

Mediterranean climate
Equatorial climate
All of the above climates
Monsoon climate

Explanation:-

Answer: Option D. -> Monsoon climate
Answer: (d)

Question 8. If the earth did not have an atmosphere, temperature extremes between day and night would

decrease
increase
fluctuate rapidly
stay the same

Explanation:-

Answer: Option B. -> increase
Answer: (b)If a planet has no atmosphere, all of the sunlight which strikes it reaches the surface, and usually 90% or more of that is absorbed and 10% or less is reflected back into space. Thus the temperature will increase.

Question 9. Land and sea-breezes occur due to :

Convection
Conduction
Tides
Radiation

Explanation:-

Answer: Option A. -> Convection
Answer: (a)
During the day, the sun warming the land also warms the air. Since land heats up quicker than water does, the air over land gets warmer than the air over the water. Consequently, the warmer air, being less dense moves up.
To fill its place the cooler air over the water moves in to fill its place creating what is known as a Sea Breeze. Reversely, at night the land cools down faster than the water does, and creates a Land Breeze.

Question 10. Which of the following scales is used to measure the damage by a hurricane?

Mercalli Scale
Saffir-Simpson Scale
Richter Scale
Fujita Scale

Explanation:-

Answer: Option B. -> Saffir-Simpson Scale
Answer: (b)The saffir – Simpson Scale estimates potential property damage by a hurricane.