Microbial Recombination And Gene Transfer(Microbiology ) Questions and Answers

Question 1. In the extracellular medium, DNA-degrading enzymes would likely be to prevent transfer of DNA by
  1.    natural transformation
  2.    generalized phage transduction
  3.    None of these
  4.    conjugal transfer by a self-transmissible plasmid
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> natural transformation
Question 2. Recombination of virus genomes occurs
  1.    by transription
  2.    by transformation
  3.    by transduction
  4.    simultaneous infection of a host cell by two viruses with homologous chromosomes
Explanation:-
Answer: Option D. -> simultaneous infection of a host cell by two viruses with homologous chromosomes
Question 3. What is the term used for a segment of DNA with one or more genes in the centre and the two ends carrying inverted repeat sequences of nucleotides?
  1.    Transposon
  2.    Insertion sequence
  3.    Plasmid
  4.    None of these
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> Transposon
Question 4. The plasmid-mediated properties is/are
  1.    all of these
  2.    production of enterotoxin
  3.    resistance to antibiotics
  4.    fermentation of lactose
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> all of these
Question 5. The plasmids can be eliminated from a cell by the process known as
  1.    curing
  2.    fixing
  3.    expulsion
  4.    breaking
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> curing
Question 6. Who discovered transposons (jumping genes)?
  1.    McClintock
  2.    Harvey
  3.    Abelson
  4.    Griffith
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> McClintock
Question 7. The type of recombination that commonly occurs between a pair of homologous DNA sequences is,
  1.    general recombination
  2.    mutagenic recombination
  3.    site-specific recombination
  4.    replicative recombination
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> general recombination
Question 8. In lysogeny,
  1.    a bacteriophage genome is integrated into the bacterial genome
  2.    bacteria take up double stranded DNA from the environment
  3.    DNA-degrading enzymes in the extracellular medium would stop the process
  4.    a bacteriophage transfers bacterial DNA
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> a bacteriophage genome is integrated into the bacterial genome
Question 9. A microarray differs from a gene fusion in that, it
  1.    carries DNA segments from many different genes
  2.    gives direct measurement of mRNA level
  3.    is not constructed by cloning
  4.    All of these
Explanation:-
Answer: Option D. -> All of these
Question 10. Which of the following statement describes plasmids?
  1.    Another name for a protoplast
  2.    None of these
  3.    Small, circular DNA molecules that can exist independently of chromosomes commonly found in bacteria
  4.    A complex membrane structure that covers the chromosome of bacteria
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> Small, circular DNA molecules that can exist independently of chromosomes commonly found in bacteria
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