Microbial Genetics(Microbiology ) Questions and Answers

Question 1. Which of the following theory is supported by the genomic sequence of the obligate intracellular parasite Rickettsia prowazekii ?
  1.    Parasitic bacteria have very large genomes
  2.    Parasites have a definite genomic sequence similar to viruses
  3.    Mitochondria have evolved from endosymbiotic bacteria
  4.    All bacteria evolved from viruses
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> Mitochondria have evolved from endosymbiotic bacteria
Answer: (c).Mitochondria have evolved from endosymbiotic bacteria
Question 2. In the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily
  1.    there has been little change in either genome
  2.    E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer
  3.    E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome
  4.    none of these
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome
Answer: (c).E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome
Question 3. The physical nature of genomes is studied under
  1.    structural genomics
  2.    comparative genomics
  3.    proteo genomics
  4.    functional genomics
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> structural genomics
Answer: (a).structural genomics
Question 4. Why the bacterium Treponema pallidum is difficult to culture?
  1.    Because it requires a great deal of water to reproduce
  2.    Because it is unable to use carbohydrates as an energy source
  3.    Because it lacks the genes needed for TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
  4.    Because it requires extremely low temperature at which water freezes
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> Because it lacks the genes needed for TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
Answer: (c).Because it lacks the genes needed for TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
Question 5. The species of bacteria, which possesses 250 genes for lipid biosynthesis is
  1.    M. genitalium
  2.    M. tuberculosis
  3.    E. coli
  4.    H. influenzae
Explanation:-
Answer: Option B. -> M. tuberculosis
Answer: (b).M. tuberculosis
Question 6. When composite transposons are formed
  1.    a small deletion occurs in the transposase gene of an IS element
  2.    a small deletion occurs in the transposase gene of an IS element and plasmid is integrated
  3.    an IS element integrates with another IS element with the help of a plasmid
  4.    two IS elements integrate into a chromosome with only a small distance separating them
Explanation:-
Answer: Option D. -> two IS elements integrate into a chromosome with only a small distance separating them
Answer: (d).two IS elements integrate into a chromosome with only a small distance separating them
Question 7. Which of the following plamids do not possess information for self transfer to another cell?
  1.    Cryptic plasmids
  2.    Conjugative plasmids
  3.    Non-conjugative plasmids
  4.    None of these
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> Non-conjugative plasmids
Answer: (c).Non-conjugative plasmids
Question 8. The term used for acquisition of naked DNA from its environment and its incorporation in their genome by a bacterium is
  1.    transformation
  2.    lysogenic conversion
  3.    conjugation
  4.    transduction
Explanation:-
Answer: Option A. -> transformation
Answer: (a).transformation
Question 9. What is term used for a bacterial cell that is able to take up naked DNA?
  1.    Complementary
  2.    Liable
  3.    Competent
  4.    Infected
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> Competent
Answer: (c).Competent
Question 10. Penicillin resistance in staphylococci is acquired due to
  1.    conjugation
  2.    mutation
  3.    transformation
  4.    transduction
Explanation:-
Answer: Option D. -> transduction
Answer: (d).transduction
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