Analytical Reasoning(Reasoning Aptitude ) Questions and Answers

Question 1. Answer the questions based on the following information:Four sisters- Suvarna, Tara, Uma and Vibha are playing a game such that the loser doubles the money of each of the other players from her share. They played four games and each sister lost one game in alphabetical order. At the end of fourth game, each sister has Rs. 32.How many rupees did Suvarns start with?
  1.    Rs. 60
  2.    Rs. 34
  3.    Rs. 66
  4.    Rs. 28
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> Rs. 66


-NA-



Question 2. Answer the following questions based on the following information given below:K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, U and W are the only ten members in a department. There is a proposal to form a team from within the members of the department, subject to the following conditions:A team must include exactly one among P, R and SA team must include either M or Q, but not bothIf a team includes K, then it must also include L, and vice versa.If a team includes one among S, U and W, then it must also include the other twoL and N cannot members of the same teamL and U cannot be members of the same teamThe size of a team is defined as the number of members in the team.What could be the size of a team that includes K?
  1.    2 or 3
  2.    2 or 4
  3.    3 or 4
  4.    Only 2
  5.    Only 4
Explanation:-
Answer: Option E. -> Only 4


If 'K' is included 'L' has to be included (statement three).If 'L' is chosen neither N nor U can be chosen (statement five and six).S, W are also not included because S, U, W have to be always together (statement four).Hence, one of P or R would be selected (statement one) and one of M or Q would be selected (statement two).



Question 3. Answer the following questions based on the following information given below:K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, U and W are the only ten members in a department. There is a proposal to form a team from within the members of the department, subject to the following conditions:A team must include exactly one among P, R and SA team must include either M or Q, but not bothIf a team includes K, then it must also include L, and vice versa.If a team includes one among S, U and W, then it must also include the other twoL and N cannot members of the same teamL and U cannot be members of the same teamThe size of a team is defined as the number of members in the team.In how many ways a team can be constituted so that the team includes N?
  1.    2
  2.    3
  3.    4
  4.    5
  5.    6
Explanation:-
Answer: Option E. -> 6


If a team includes N, it cannot include 'L'.And therefore not even 'K' (statement five and three)According to the statement one,One of P or R or S has to be included.According to the statement two,One of M or Q has to be selected.So, the following cases are possible:P Q N,R Q N,P M N,R M N,If 'S' is selected,S U W M NS U W Q Nare the only possible cases.Hence, in all 4 + 2 = 6 ways can be constituted.



Question 4. Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below:Mathematicians are assigned a number called Erdos number (named after the famous mathematician. Paul Erdos). Only paul Erdos himself has an Erdos number of zero. Any mathematician who has written a research paper with Erdos has an Erdos number of 1. For other mathematicians, the calculation of his/her Erdos number is illustrated below:Suppose that a mathematician X has co-authored papers with several other mathematicians. From among them, mathematician Y has the smallest Erdos number. Let the Erdos number of Y by y. Then, N has an Erdos number of y + 1. Hence any mathematician with co-authorship chain connected to Erdos has an Erdos number of infinity. In a seven day long mini-conference organized in memory of  Paul Erdos, a close group of eight mathematicians, call them A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, discussed some research problems. At the beginning of the conference. A was the only participant who had an infinite Erdos number. Nobody had an Erdos number less than that of F.i. On the third day of the conference F co-authored a paper jointly with A and C. This reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight mathematicians to 3. The Erdos numbers of B, D, E, G and H remained unchanged with the writing of this paper. Further, no other co-authorship among any three members would have reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight to as low a 3.ii. At the end of the third day, five members of this group has identical Erdos numbers while the other three had Erdos numbers distinct from each other.iii. On the fifth day, E co-authored a paper with F which reduced the group's average Erdos number by 0.5. The Erdos numbers of the remaining six were unchanged with the writing of this paper.iv. No other paper was written during the conference.How many participants in the conference did not change their Erdos number during the conference?
  1.    2
  2.    3
  3.    4
  4.    5
  5.    Cannot be determined
Explanation:-
Answer: Option D. -> 5


Only A, C, E changed their Erdos number, rest 5 did not change their Erdos number.



Question 5. Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below:Mathematicians are assigned a number called Erdos number (named after the famous mathematician. Paul Erdos). Only paul Erdos himself has an Erdos number of zero. Any mathematician who has written a research paper with Erdos has an Erdos number of 1. For other mathematicians, the calculation of his/her Erdos number is illustrated below:Suppose that a mathematician X has co-authored papers with several other mathematicians. From among them, mathematician Y has the smallest Erdos number. Let the Erdos number of Y by y. Then, N has an Erdos number of y + 1. Hence any mathematician with co-authorship chain connected to Erdos has an Erdos number of infinity. In a seven day long mini-conference organized in memory of  Paul Erdos, a close group of eight mathematicians, call them A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, discussed some research problems. At the beginning of the conference. A was the only participant who had an infinite Erdos number. Nobody had an Erdos number less than that of F.i. On the third day of the conference F co-authored a paper jointly with A and C. This reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight mathematicians to 3. The Erdos numbers of B, D, E, G and H remained unchanged with the writing of this paper. Further, no other co-authorship among any three members would have reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight to as low a 3.ii. At the end of the third day, five members of this group has identical Erdos numbers while the other three had Erdos numbers distinct from each other.iii. On the fifth day, E co-authored a paper with F which reduced the group's average Erdos number by 0.5. The Erdos numbers of the remaining six were unchanged with the writing of this paper.iv. No other paper was written during the conference.The person having the largest Erdos number at the end of the conference must have had Erdos number:
  1.    5
  2.    7
  3.    9
  4.    14
  5.    15
Explanation:-
Answer: Option B. -> 7


At the end of conference, 6 people including E were having an Erdos number of 2 and F was having 1 as Erdos number. So, 8th person was having an Erdos number of [20 - (2 * 6 + 1)] = 7



Question 6. Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below:Mathematicians are assigned a number called Erdos number (named after the famous mathematician. Paul Erdos). Only paul Erdos himself has an Erdos number of zero. Any mathematician who has written a research paper with Erdos has an Erdos number of 1. For other mathematicians, the calculation of his/her Erdos number is illustrated below:Suppose that a mathematician X has co-authored papers with several other mathematicians. From among them, mathematician Y has the smallest Erdos number. Let the Erdos number of Y by y. Then, N has an Erdos number of y + 1. Hence any mathematician with co-authorship chain connected to Erdos has an Erdos number of infinity. In a seven day long mini-conference organized in memory of  Paul Erdos, a close group of eight mathematicians, call them A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, discussed some research problems. At the beginning of the conference. A was the only participant who had an infinite Erdos number. Nobody had an Erdos number less than that of F.i. On the third day of the conference F co-authored a paper jointly with A and C. This reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight mathematicians to 3. The Erdos numbers of B, D, E, G and H remained unchanged with the writing of this paper. Further, no other co-authorship among any three members would have reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight to as low a 3.ii. At the end of the third day, five members of this group has identical Erdos numbers while the other three had Erdos numbers distinct from each other.iii. On the fifth day, E co-authored a paper with F which reduced the group's average Erdos number by 0.5. The Erdos numbers of the remaining six were unchanged with the writing of this paper.iv. No other paper was written during the conference.How many participants had the same Erdos number at the beginning of the conference?
  1.    2
  2.    3
  3.    4
  4.    5
  5.    Cannot be determined
Explanation:-
Answer: Option B. -> 3


As at the end of 3rd round, 5 people were having same Erdos number. A and C changed their Erdos number after co-authoring with F. So, the other 3 would have same Erdos number in the beginning.



Question 7. Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below:Mathematicians are assigned a number called Erdos number (named after the famous mathematician. Paul Erdos). Only paul Erdos himself has an Erdos number of zero. Any mathematician who has written a research paper with Erdos has an Erdos number of 1. For other mathematicians, the calculation of his/her Erdos number is illustrated below:Suppose that a mathematician X has co-authored papers with several other mathematicians. From among them, mathematician Y has the smallest Erdos number. Let the Erdos number of Y by y. Then, N has an Erdos number of y + 1. Hence any mathematician with co-authorship chain connected to Erdos has an Erdos number of infinity. In a seven day long mini-conference organized in memory of  Paul Erdos, a close group of eight mathematicians, call them A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H, discussed some research problems. At the beginning of the conference. A was the only participant who had an infinite Erdos number. Nobody had an Erdos number less than that of F.i. On the third day of the conference F co-authored a paper jointly with A and C. This reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight mathematicians to 3. The Erdos numbers of B, D, E, G and H remained unchanged with the writing of this paper. Further, no other co-authorship among any three members would have reduced the average Erdos number of the group of eight to as low a 3.ii. At the end of the third day, five members of this group has identical Erdos numbers while the other three had Erdos numbers distinct from each other.iii. On the fifth day, E co-authored a paper with F which reduced the group's average Erdos number by 0.5. The Erdos numbers of the remaining six were unchanged with the writing of this paper.iv. No other paper was written during the conference.The Erdos number of C at the end of the conference was:
  1.    1
  2.    2
  3.    3
  4.    4
  5.    5
Explanation:-
Answer: Option B. -> 2


2



Question 8. Refer to the following information and answer the questions that follow:"Kya-Kya" is an island in the South Pacific. The inhabitants of "Kya-Kya" always answer any question with two sentences. One of which is always true and the other always false.You want to speak to the chief of the village. You question three inhabitants, Amar, Bobby and Charles. Only Bobby is wearing red shirt.A. Amar says, "I am not Bobby's son. The chief wears a red shirt."B. Bobby says, "I am Amar's father, Charles is the chief."C. Charles says, "The chief is one among us. I am the chief."Who is the chief?
  1.    Amar
  2.    Bobby
  3.    Charles
  4.    None of these
Explanation:-
Answer: Option B. -> Bobby


Bobby



Question 9. Refer to the following information and answer the questions that follow:"Kya-Kya" is an island in the South Pacific. The inhabitants of "Kya-Kya" always answer any question with two sentences. One of which is always true and the other always false.You are walking on a road and come to a fork. You ask the inhabitants Ram, Laxman and Lila, "which road will take me to the village?"Ram says, "I never speak to strangers, I am new to these parts."Laxman says, "I am married to Lila. Take the left road."Lila says, "I am married to Ram. He is not new to this place."Which of the following is true?
  1.    Left road takes you to the village
  2.    Right road takes you to the village
  3.    Lila is married to Laxman
  4.    None of these
Explanation:-
Answer: Option C. -> Lila is married to Laxman


-NA-



Question 10. Refer to the following information and answer the questions that follow:"Kya-Kya" is an island in the South Pacific. The inhabitants of "Kya-Kya" always answer any question with two sentences. One of which is always true and the other always false.You find that your boat is stolen. You question three inhabitants of the island and they reply as follows:John says, "I didn't do it. Mathew didn't do it."Mathew says, "I didn't do it. Krishna didn't do it."Krishna says, "I didn't do it, I don't know what did it."Who stolen your boat?
  1.    John
  2.    Mathew
  3.    Krishna
  4.    None of these
Explanation:-
Answer: Option B. -> Mathew


Mathew